ORIOLES

Black-cowled Oriole

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Icterus prosthemelas

The Black-cowled Oriole is an attractive black-and-yellow oriole of humid tropical lowlands. It is found in the eastern half of mainland Central America. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Males head, wings, tail and chest are black while the back and underparts are yellow. A yellow wing patch (epaulet) is present, but duller in females and immatures.
There is a reddish-brown line that divides the black and yellow patches where they meet at the chest.
The bill is slightly curved and black, juveniles have a pinkish bill.

Females are similar to males but have duller plumage.
The underparts are washed olive, crown and nape are dull olive-yellow. Wings are brownish.

Juveniles are similar in coloration to adult females but are even duller.

The Black-cowled Orioles are 7 - 9.25 inches in length and 19.8 grams in weight.

CALL: Primary call is a harsh "cheh- cheh-cheh-chek". A single note from the previously described phrase is occasionally heard.

SONG: A “sweet, soft warble”. 

They are largely frugivorous but supplements their diet with insects and nectar. They prefer nectar from legumes, citrus, agave, and yucca.

Prefers woodland and open fields with scattered brush. They are also frequently seen in orchards, especially citrus plantations; also in stands of bamboo and banana. Inhabits second-growth forest.

Native to coastal Mexico and Central America.
Their range extends from southern Mexico, down the Atlantic coast of Central America to the Isthmus of Panama and includes the entire Yucatan peninsula.
In Mexico, They can be found in eastern Veracruz, northern Chiapas, northern Oaxaca, and in Yucatan.

The nest is a hanging basket, woven of fine fibers and is usually placed underneath a banana leaf. The female lays 2 - 4 eggs.

SOURCE:
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://animaldiversity.org